Sushi essays

Sushi essays The Japanese live long, and this is already a well known fact. One of the proven secrets of longevity is that they eat fish, a lot of them.  µ, the highlight of their fish cuisine, became very popular all over the world and had been representing Japanese food ever since. There is even a word in English: Sushi. There are numerous types of sushi such as nigiri-sushi, maki-sushi, and sashimi. In the 7th century, Southeast Asians introduced the technique of pickling. After 500 years, the Japanese acquired this same practice which consisted of packing fish with rice. As the fish fermented, the rice produced a lactic acid which in turn caused the pickling of the pressed fish. This was the very first form of sushi, and it was called Nare-Sushi. Then in 15th and 16th century, an altered form, Nama-Nare, appeared due to lengthy process. After a century, Matsumoto Yoshiichi of Edo introduced the use of rice vinegar into the sushi rice to add a flavor of tartness. One of the best known kinds of sushi, nigiri, wasn ft introduced until 1820 fs by Hanaya Yohei of Edo. His morsels, which included fresh sliced raw fish combined with the vinegared rice, were prepared and served for customers directly from his portable sushi stall. It eventually won immediate demands over the nation and descended the sushi bars of today. One of the typical nigiri sushi we eat is maguro, tuna sus hi. In my experience, there fs not just one tuna sushi, but quite a few, such as an albacore tuna, a white tuna, a fatty tuna, and the regular tuna. Just like other sushi, vinegared rice and a piece of tuna are, at least, required to make a tuna sushi. Once they are ready, by taking a small portion of the rice to the middle of a hand, pressing it with fingers to make it form nicely round and fairly long, and placing a sliced tuna on top of it, maguro is made. Another typical sushi is maki-sushi. This sushi contains strips of fish or vegetables ro ...

Should fast food chains in the US be held legally and socially Research Paper

Should fast food chains in the US be held legally and socially responsible for contributing to consumer obesity because of failu - Research Paper Example The number of fast food chains has also been on the increase since the early 1970s with the number of operational food chain stores having doubled over the years (Schlosser 3). With this, researchers have blamed the increase in the number of fast food chains to blame for the increase in obesity reported cases across the US. However, two sides exist in the debate in which others argue that fast foods also allow people that have lower income rates or the homeless to access affordable food (Bagchi & Preuss 854). As much as critics have suggested that obesity and fast food chains have a direct correlation, it has been difficult to establish empirical evidence supporting or negating this fact hence making the debate to be inconclusive. With this as a basis, this research essay will delve intowhether fast foods are legally or socially responsible to blame for their influence on consumer obesity because they do not disclose the ingredients or calorie levels in the foods that they sell. Furt her, the essay will assess the ways in which this scenario is likely to affect the economy of the US in terms of profit generation and customer oriented services. Linking obesity and fast food establishments In a definition, obesity refers to having a condition in which a person’s body fat is more than 30% of the ideal body weight in relation to their height. Over the years, children with obesity have received a diagnosis of chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension among a list of many other preventable diseases. In the past, these lifestyle conditions only afflicted adults but the emerging trend has been that children and young adults alike have developed these conditions over time. The costs of treating obesity related conditions have been soaring over the years and critics have shifted focus to the possible cause of obesity rather than preventing the gain of unnecessary body weight of the young population. For one, critics argue that f ast food chains are to blame for the increased rates of obesity because of the many offers that they give to their customers in order to edge out market competition for themselves. For instance, McDonalds and Burger King have in recent times introduced offers on oversized burgers as a way of reciprocating customer loyalty where they dished out large servings of fizzy drinks and French fries at discounted prices. Further, families that have incredible busy work schedules also rely on fast food for ready-cooked meals as they do not have time to prepare home cooked meals for their young ones. Therefore, many families rely on taking out from fast food establishments because of the convenience and the minimal costs attached to acquiring meals from these joints. Subsequently, the consumption of greasy foods on a regular basis without engaging in active physical exercises leads to increase in a person’s BMI hence making them to become obese. In relation to litigation suits, lawyers have sought to establish the link between obesity and fast food joints in the same way that they illustrated that tobacco companies are partly to blame for the increased rates of complications associated with cigarette smoking. The argument that lawyers present is that fast food companies sell greasy foods to unknowing consumers without disclosing the calorie percentage in the foods that they retail. Therefore, fast food compani

CSFs, Benefits and Barriers during the Implementation of ERP in the Dissertation

CSFs, Benefits and Barriers during the Implementation of ERP in the Security Forces Hospital Program (SFHP) from the Management Perspective - Dissertation Example This paper aims to determine how the Security Forces Hospital Program (SFHP) in Saudi Arabia can successfully implement and maximize the benefits of the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Aside from providing a short background on SFHP and the need to consider implementing ERP system, this paper will summarize the research aim, research objectives, research justification, research scope, summary of relevant literature, proposed research methodology, research ethics, and strategies that will be use in collecting data. The implementation of ERP system within a hospital setting is unique due to the fact that healthcare organization such as the case of a hospital is often divided into heterogeneous functional areas (i.e. Human Resources, Financial and Cost Management, Patient Care Management, and Clinical Management among others). To give the readers a better understanding of this subject matter, this study will first discuss what ERP is all about followed by identifying the hospital management benefits associated with the use of ERP system. Although the process of customizing the development of ERP will enable the healthcare administration of SFHP to incorporate specific hospital rules in the system, the implementation of ERP systems can lead to the development of organizational conflicts.... healthcare professionals, the SFHP will be able to deliver safe and high quality health services to the local people (Security Forces Hospital Program 2012b). To integrate internal and external information that are useful in making necessary business and management decisions, the ERP system involves the use of information technology (Bidgoli, 2004, p. 656). Although implementing ERP system can be useful in terms of integrating the hospital management system of SFHP, there will always be some challenges associated with the implementation of ERP system. Considering the future business benefits associated with the process of investing on the customization of ERP systems, this study will carefully examine how the development and implementation of ERP systems could further improve the quality of medical services provided by the healthcare professionals who are currently employed at SFHP. Research Aim This study aims to identify the CSFs and to examine the benefits and barriers and difficu lties related to the possible implementation of ERP at SFHP. Research Objectives In relation to the research am, the following objectives will be used as a guide throughout the completion of this study: 1. To conduct a literature review with regards to the critical success factors (CSFs), benefits and barriers of a successful ERP implementation; 2. To determine how the SFHP can maximize the benefit of implementing a newly customized ERP system; 3. To establish if these CSFs exist at SFHP; 4. To identify potential benefits and barriers to a successful ERP implementation at SFHP; and 5. To provide a list of recommended actions when managing the barriers to a successful ERP system. Research Justification This is a shortage of ERP studies in Saudi. Despite a long list of management benefits

The Impact of Racial and Ethnic Bias in Criminal Sentencing Decisions Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Racial and Ethnic Bias in Criminal Sentencing Decisions Essay Judicial bias pertaining to race and ethnicity is a controversial phenomenon that has been researched historically, and continues in contemporary society. One of the first criminologists to analyse this was Beccaria (1764) in Dei delitti e delle penne (an essay on crime and punishments), he argued that judicial process favoured the wealthy and powerful to the detriment of the less fortunate, his research had a profound impact on historical judicial process and reformation of criminal law. Since that time numerous researchers have methodically reviewed, dissected and reframed theory on judicial bias in relation to race and ethnicity in sentencing decisions. Empirical data demonstrates vast disparity and reveals a juxtaposition of conflicting theories pertaining to race, ethnicity, and sentencing outcomes. For many years, people of different racial and ethnic backgrounds have been over-represented throughout the criminal justice system. Walker (2003), Spohn (2000, 2002), Kault (2002) and DeLone (2000, 2003) have researched extensively on this topic and theorise that there are several facets of what they refer to as a â€Å"discrimination-disparity continuum. † They argue that discrimination is ‘systemic’ and experienced at each stage of the criminal justice system. For example, ‘institutionalised discrimination’ is due to the impact of policies and procedures that are implemented without discriminatory intent, and yet adversely affect minorities. Further to this is the over-policing of targeted racial and ethnic communities, Walker, Spohn, and DeLone (2003) refer to this as ‘contextual discrimination’ this then sees an exponential increase in entry into the criminal justice system and impacts on higher incarceration rates. Further research by Taxman and Byrne (2005) theorised that racial and ethnic disparity is a cumulative process prior to sentencing. They argued that this occurs due to differential rates of involvement in criminal behaviours and the racial and ethnic characteristics of the offenders, whereby the race effect is confounded by procedural and extralegal variables. Thereby, those of racial and ethnic minority groups of lower socio-economic status are unable to obtain appropriate legal representation, which leads to longer sentencing, and higher incarceration rates overall. Ehlers and Lotke (2004); Miller (1996) and Schiraldi (1994, 2004) state that research demonstrates pervasive racism, and systemic discrimination, throughout the criminal justice system, that by design contributes to the recycling of individuals. Zatz (1987) also demonstrated the continuity of contributing factors throughout the criminal justice system in the churning of individuals and rates of recidivism among racial and ethnic minority groups in a research study. Zatz’s research study demonstrated significant variations in sentencing outcomes pertaining to racial and ethnic background. Zatz referred to this as ‘cumulative disadvantage’, Zatz argued that throughout the various stages of the criminal justice system minor differences eventually compound and become measurable and significant in the overall outcome. Moreover, Erez (1991) states that sentences for comparable crimes are based predominantly on the characteristics of the victims and not the offences committed, whereby if a black person of lower socio-economic status perpetrated a criminal act on a white person the penalty would be far more severe, however if the scenario is reversed the penalty would be less severe. Further research entitled â€Å"Effect of Race on Sentencing: A Re-examination of an unsettled question† by Spohn, Gruhl, and Welch (1982) replicated and extended Uhlman’s (1977) research into racial disparity in sentencing outcomes in ‘Metro city.’ Uhlman’s analysis of 50,000 felony cases between 1968 and 1969 demonstrated no direct correlation between race and ethnicity when the analysis controlled two dependent variables pertaining to prior criminal convictions and severity of charges. However, Uhlman (1977); Spohn, Gruhl, and Welch (1982) established that when independent variables pertaining to prior criminal convictions, race, bail amount, pre-trial status, type of plea and type of legal representation were introduced it was apparent that black males received harsher sentencing outcomes than White males. The decision to incarcerate, or not to incarcerate was measured by introducing a dichotomous prison/no prison variable. Furthermore, Spohn, Gruhl, and Welch (1982); and Uhlman’s (1977) analysis of statistical data demonstrated that black males who could not afford adequate legal representation suffered from what they referred to as ‘wealth discrimination’ which then adversely impacted on black offenders with harsher sentencing. Further data demonstrated that even when controlling legal and extra-legal factors vast disparity was apparent in the sentencing outcomes of black offenders and white offenders, demonstrating an increase of black imprisonment at the rate of 5 percent was noted, which when compounded resulted in a 20 percent higher rate than white offenders. It is obvious when researching the impacts of race and ethnicity on sentencing outcomes that there are innumerable variables required to measure the outcomes that are necessary to obtain evidentiary validity. Moreover, the plethora of complexities involved in this type and scale of measurement are confounded and in some cases contradictory. Numerous scholars oppose these various hypothesis on racial and ethnic disparity and discrimination within the criminal justice system, for example Hindelang (1969), Kleck (1981); Whitney (1999); and Willbanks (1987) concluded through their various research that the criminal justice system in most instances favours minority racial and ethnic groups at the expense of disadvantaging whites. In Summary It is obvious that the measurement of the impact of racial and ethnic disparity in sentencing, and discrimination throughout all tiers of the criminal justice system is fraught with difficulties due to the reflexive nature of the cause and effect of the outcomes. Numerous researches expound that prior criminal convictions and severity of criminal offences are the reason for the demonstrated disparity in outcomes. However, due to the institutional structures and design of the criminal justice system, racial and ethnic minority groups are targeted by police wielding extensive powers of discretion. Therefore, influencing the rates of charging of individuals within specific racial and ethnic groups, thereby further affecting these individuals entry in the criminal justice system. Furthermore, research expounds that it is not necessarily the rates of recidivism but the system itself recycling these individuals. It is therefore necessary to examine the criminal justice system in its entirety to understand and gauge why sentencing disparities emerge within various racial and ethnic minority groups. Bibliography Beccaria (1764) Dei delitti a delle penne; An essay on crimes and punishment. Translated in 1819. http://www. constitution. org/cb/crim_pun. htm Accessed 18/11/08. Kault, P. , Spohn, C (2002) Assessing blameworthiness and Assigning punishment: Theoretical perspectives on judicial decision making. In Duffee, D and Maguire, E (eds), Criminal Justice Theory: Explicating concepts and linkages about nature and behaviour of criminal justice. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. http://www. ncjrs. gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/223854. html Accessed 20/11/08. Spohn, C (2002) How do judges decide? ‘The quest for fairness and justice in punishment. Thousand Oaks,’ CA: Sage Publications http://www3. interscience. wiley. com/journal/118594874/abstract. html. Accessed 20/11/08. Spohn, C. , DeLone, M (2000) When Does race matter? An examination of the conditions under which race affects sentencing severity. Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance 2. P. p 3-37. Spohn, C (2000) Thirty years of sentencing reform: The quest for a racially neutral sentencing process, National Institute of Justice. Reprinted in Austin Sarat (ed), 2004. The Social Organisation of Law. Los Angeles: Roxbury Publishing. http://209. 85. 173. 132/search? q=cache:yuYWZ_dcsIoJ:www. ncjrs. gov/criminal_justice2000/vol_3/03i. pdf+Spohn+C+thrity+years+of+sentencing+reformhl=enct=clnkcd=1gl=au. html Accessed 22/11/08. Taxman. F. , Byrne, J. M (2005) Racial Disparity and the legitimacy of the criminal justice system.

Cystic Fibrosis Essay example -- essays research papers

Cystic Fibrosis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive trait on chromosome 7. This disorder affects chloride transport resulting in abnormal mucus production. This lifelong illness usually gets more severe with age and can affect both males and females. Symptoms and severity differ from person to person. Cystic fibrosis is the most common fatal inherited disease among whites and the major cause of chronic lung disease in children. 50% of people are expected to live to be 30, but a majority die before age thirteen. 1:2000 whites have cystic fibrosis, 1:17000 blacks, 1:6000 live births, 1:2500 Americans, and 1:20 is a carrier.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The genes are inherited in pairs, with one gene coming from each parent to make the pair. Cystic fibrosis occurs when both genes have mutations. A person with cystic fibrosis receives one cystic fibrosis gene from each parent. The parents of a child, with cystic fibrosis, each carry one nonworking copy of the gene and one working copy of the gene. The parents are called cystic fibrosis carriers, and because they have one working gene they have no symptoms. Carrier parents have 1:4 chance to have a child who is a noncarrier of cystic fibrosis, a 1:2 chance to have a child who carries the gene, and a 1:4 chance with each pregnancy to have an affected child. If you have a son or daughter with cystic fibrosis, then you have a 1:1 chance of being a carrier. If you have a brother or sister with CF, you have a 2:3 chance of being a carrier. If you have a niece or nephew with CF, you have a 1:2 chance of being a carrier. If you have an aunt or uncle with CF, you have a 1:3 chance of being a carrier and a 1:4 chance if you have a 1st cousin with CF.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cystic fibrosis affects the lungs in particular. The secretions are thick and sticky rather than thin and watery. This interferes with the removal of dust and germs. It can lead to lung infections and even chronic lung damage. Air passages become clogged with mucus and there is often widespread obstruction of the bronchioles. Expiration is especially difficult. More and more air becomes trapped in the lungs, which results in obstructive emphysema. Atelectasis can occur leaving small areas collapsed. Eventually the chest assumes a barrel shape. The right ventricle, which supplies the lungs, may become strain... ...gerate and be demanding for attention.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Parents may have knowledge deficit and may need a lot of teaching and explanation. One of the misconception parents have is that their child's intelligence is greatly decreased. Intelligence is not affected. Parents often feel guilty, since this is an inherited disease. The child spends the majority of his time at home due to this lengthy illness. The child is also hospitalized for complications although stays are short to prevent exposure to other infections and illnesses. This puts a financial, physical, and emotional burden on the family. When do the parents find time for each other, themselves, or other children? How do they distribute their time and energy equally and fairly? Parents need encouragement and reassurance. They also need explicit instructions. Parent groups can help along with the Nat'l CF Research Foundation and the 1-800-FIGHT-CF hotline. Parents usually need help from a social worker and financial help for special equipment. Insist parents to get help from other family members or friends and encourage them to get away from it all periodically. Alarm clocks can remind them of medication times.

Classes in the Kite Runner Essay

â€Å"Afghanistan is the land of Pashtuns. It always has been, always will be. We are the true Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here. † This is the start of the tension between the two distinct social classes on pages 40-43 within the novel, The Kite Runner. The author’s purpose for placing this scene within the novel is to show the relationship held between the Hazara Tribe, and the Pashtun tribe, within Afghanistan. The scene in the book allows the reader to begin to understand the tension between the tribes, which fuels the story. Due to the research I completed on the tribes within Afghanistan, I can sharpen my knowledge and interpret the scene in the novel better. While researching, I discovered that the Hazaras have Mongol Characteristics. As a result of this, I was able to understand the scene better, when Assef called Hassan a â€Å"Flat-Nose. † The reason that Assef Called Hassan this, was to poke fun at his Mongol Characteristics, such as having a flat nose. In the same manner, Assef states, â€Å"how can you talk to him, play with him, let him touch you? † Through my research, I was able to learn that it was rare for Pashtuns to play with Hazaras. Hazaras are of a much lower class than Pashtuns, and are treated poorly. Within the scene, there are three apparent literary terms—parallel, imagery and diction. Parallel is used when â€Å"Hasan [holds] the slinghshot pointed directly at Assef’s face. † Hassan uses his slingshot in this scene, to fight Assef, and Hassan’s son uses a slingshot to hurt Assef towards the end of the book. Additionally, the author uses imagery, to show the intense tension between the boys. When Hassan pulls the slingshot, â€Å"his hand [trembles] with the strain of the pulled elastic band and beads of sweat [erupt] on his brow. † This imagery allows you to realize the amount of stress, and tension Hassan must undergo. Finally, the author uses diction, when he describes the actions of the characters, including when he states, â€Å"he made a sweeping, grandiose gesture with his hands. † The diction such as sweeping, and grandiose, allows the reader to fully understand what Assef is trying to convey. There are two main ideas within the scene; they are the ideas of Assef hating Amir and Hassan, and Hassan protecting Amir. Based on the key idea of Hassan protecting Amir, the theme of love appears. Amir uses his slingshot, and does everything that he can to protect Amir, display his love towards him.

Shakespeare Sonnets